CLASSIFICATION OF DRAWINGS
Classification Of Drawings
1. Machine Drawing
It has anything to do with machine parts or components. It is shown in a variety of orthographic viewpoints so that the size and shape of the component may be completely appreciated. This category includes part drawings and assembly drawings. Figure 1 shows an example of a machine drawing.
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| Fig. 1 Machine drawing |
2. Production Drawing
A production drawing, also known as a working drawing, should include all dimensions, restrictions, and special finishing techniques such as heat treatment, honing, lapping, surface finish, and so on, in order to help the shop floor artisan in creating the component. The product's material, the number of parts necessary for the assembled unit, and other details should all be included in the title.
Because a craftsman would often make one component at a time, it is best to prepare each component's production drawing on its own sheet. However, drawings of similar components may be provided on the same sheet in rare circumstances. An example of a manufacturing drawing is shown in Figure 2.
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| Fig. 2 Production drawing |
A component drawing, also known as a part drawing, is a detailed depiction of a component that makes it easier to manufacture. To communicate the details in a part drawing, all of the principles of orthographic projection and the technique of graphic representation must be followed. A production drawing or working drawing is a part drawing that includes production data.
4. Assembly Drawing
An assembly drawing depicts the various pieces of a machine in their proper functioning locations (Fig. 3). There are various different kinds of these drawings.
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| Fig. 3 Assembly drawing |
When a machine is designed, the first step is to create an assembly drawing or design layout to visualize the performance, shape, and clearances of the many parts that make up the machine.
b. Detailed assembly drawing
It's often made for simple machines with a modest number of simple parts. The assembly drawing includes all of the dimensions and information needed for the manufacturing of such pieces as well as their assembly. In addition to the normal assembly drawing, separate views of certain parts in enlargements, indicating the fitting of pieces together, may be created.
c. Sub-assembly drawing
Many assembly, such as a vehicle or a lathe, are put together using a combination of pre-assembled components and individual pieces. Sub-assemblies refer to these pre-assembled units.
A sub-assembly drawing is an assembly drawing for a group of linked pieces that make up a part of a larger machine. Lathe tail-stock, diesel engine fuel pump, carburettor, and so on are examples of such drawings.
d. Installation assembly drawing
The position and measurements of a few key pieces, as well as the overall dimensions of the assembled device, are shown on this drawing. This drawing is useful for building the machine since it shows all of the machine's pieces in their proper functioning positions.
e. Assembly drawing for catalogues
For company catalogs, special assembly drawings are created. Only the relevant elements and measurements that would be of interest to a potential buyer are shown in these illustrations. Figure 4 depicts a typical catalogue drawing, illustrating the overall and major dimensions.
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| Fig. 4 Catalogue drawing |
These drawings, which are in the form of assembly drawings, are to be utilized when a machine is disassembled and checked for all parts before being reassembled and installed somewhere. Each component on the work is numbered on these drawings. A typical example of such a sketch is shown in Figure 5.
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| Fig. 5 Assembly drawing for instruction manuals |
In some circumstances, exploded visual views are provided to meet the requirements of the instruction manual. These illustrations are usually found in a company's instruction manual's parts list section. Because the parts are positioned in the sequence of assembly, but isolated from each other, Figure 1.6 exhibits drawings of this sort that can be easily understood even by persons with little experience reading drawings.
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| Fig. 6 Exploded Assembly Drawing |
Understanding the operational principles of intricate machinery solely from assembly drawings is extremely challenging. The unit's operation principle can be easily understood thanks to its schematic portrayal. It is a simplified depiction of a machine or a system in which all of the elements have been replaced by their conventional representations. A example schematic of a gearing diagram is shown in Figure 7.
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| Fig. 7 Schematic assembly drawing |
For finishing, rough castings and forgings are delivered to the machine shop (Fig. 8). Because the machinist isn't interested in the previous stages' dimensions and information, a machine shop drawing usually only contains the information needed for machining. Forge shop drawings, pattern shop drawings, sheet metal drawings, and so on are all based on the same premise.
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| Fig. 8 Machine shop drawing |
Patent drawings are created when new machines or gadgets are designed to display and explain the invention. These are illustrations, thus they must be self-explanatory. The patent drawings must be mechanically correct and provide detailed depictions of all aspects of the invention. They are, nevertheless, unsuitable for use in production. The drawing's most important features are numbered for easy identification and description.
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