The Differences Between EFI System and Carburetor, Which One The Better?

Differences Between EFI System and Carburetor - Actually the main function of these two systems is the same, namely as a fuel system in vehicles. However, the EFI and carburetor use different principles and methods in detecting the volume of incoming air and the fuel flow system. Here are the differences between the EFI system and the conventional fuel system (carburetor).

Difference Between EFI System and Carburetor

1. Formation of a mixture of air and fuel (Air fuel mixture)

Carburetor

In a conventional fuel system (carburetor) when the rotation is idling (stationary), the intake air volume is measured according to the change in pressure (vacuum) around the idle port and the slow port is close to the gas valve and fuel flows slightly through these holes.

At a normal operating level, the intake air volume is measured according to the vacuum in the venturi and is proportional to the amount of fuel flowing into the main nozzle on the venturi.

EFI

EFI has 2 electronic devices to measure the volume of intake air and fuel injected.

The incoming air volume is measured by a sensor, then this sensor will detect it and the signal in the form of a voltage pulse that is obtained is sent to the ECU. Furthermore, the ECU will send a signal to the injectors so that the injectors can inject fuel properly.

2. Carburetor uses choke system while EFI does not

During starting

When starting, it is necessary to have a mixture of fuel and air in a rich ratio to speed up the starting process. Especially when the temperature is low. This is caused by:

• Dense air so the air entry velocity is low
• Because the temperature is still low and the fuel is difficult to evaporate

The above conditions will make the vehicle difficult to start during cold start therefore there is a special system that will overcome this problem, here are the differences:

Carburetor

The carburetor has a choke system. When the temperature is still low (when starting), the choke valve is tightly closed to help enrich the mixture. Where the choke will block the flow of air before it enters the carburetor. The absence of air entering the carburetor will create a vacuum during the intake stroke so that more fuel in the reservoir will be drawn into the cylinder. Now the engine is so easy to start. After the engine starts, the choke breaker works slowly opening the choke valve to prevent the mixture from getting richer.

EFI

On EFI vehicles we will not find the choke lever. When the temperature is still low (when starting), the cooling water temperature will be detected by the water temperature sensor. Where the results of this detection will indicate that the new vehicle is operated. Then the detection results from this sensor will be sent to the ECU to be calculated so that the ECU can determine the amount of fuel injected so that the engine can run at a certain temperature.

In EFI vehicles, the opening of the injectors will affect the amount of fuel injected. This opening is determined based on the signal from the ECU and the ECU calculates based on the detection results from the sensor.

3. The EFI system uses electronic control while the carburetor system does not

This is the difference between EFI System and Carburetor based on how they work. The injection system uses various electronic devices to read all environmental conditions and driving conditions. This electronic control requires an electric current. Good to be supplied to sensors, ECU, and actuators such as fuel pumps and injectors.

While the conventional fuel system (carburetor) works mechanically and does not use electronic controls that require electric current. The air induction process also takes place naturally by using the venturi effect which affects the air flow velocity and pressure changes.

4. EFI system is more efficient than carburetor system

There are several reasons why an EFI system is more efficient than a carburetor

• Better fuel injection.
• Formation of a more homogeneous air and fuel mixture.
• The EFI system uses sensors that can detect any changes, both environment and driving conditions. this allows the fuel system to precisely determine the appropriate mixture based on sensor detection results.
• The EFI system has a correction sensor that can evaluate if the mixture is too rich/poor. This keeps the mix ideal and delivers high power.

5. On the EFI system using Sensors while the carburetor does not

In the EFI system, sensors are used to detect various conditions. Where this is a feature that is not found in the carburetor system. The use of sensors makes all conditions and variables that affect the vehicle can be detected. So that efficiency can be obtained in various operating conditions.

Electronic control and the use of sensors make the engine work more optimally, both in terms of a more homogeneous air and fuel mixture, as well as more environmentally friendly exhaust emissions.